假说的类型与自主创新能力系统研究

Systematic Research On the Type of Hypothesis and Independent Innovation Capability

假说是科学发展的形式,是提高假说能力特别是自主创新能力的重要思想方法。但是,对假说类型的系统研究不够。紧紧围绕解决这一问题,系统地叙述了近代以来创新的假说与科学发展的历程,阐述了不同类型的假说对科学发展的创造性贡献。以成因为依据,概括出13种类型的假说。不同类型的假说,对提高不同类型的假说能力,增强自主创新能力,推进自主创新和引领科学发展,具有重要意义。

Hypothesis is one form of scientific development and an important way of enhanceing hypothetical capability,especially independent innovation capability. Research on hypothesis has been paid much importance,but systematic research on typological hypothesis has been paid less for a long time. According to such problem,this paper studies systematically the course of hypothesis innovation and scientific development and illustrates the creative contributions of different types of hypotheses to scientific development. On this basis,the paper puts forward the concept of＂Typological Hypothesis＂,and further summarizes 13 types of hypotheses in accordance with their causations. Hypothesis and typological hypothesis is of vital importance to enhance hypothetical capability and typological hypothetical capability, build up independent innovation capability,advance effectively independent innovation,and lead scientific development.