西北地区农户服务需求与农民合作基础研究——关于传统合作衰落与“合作难”的解释⒇

Analysis of the Change in Farmer Service Requirement and Farmers' Collaboration FoundationUnder the Agricultural Industrialization in Northwest Region——the Explanation of Traditional Cooperation Decline and “Cooperation Difficult”

传统农业时期,中国农村曾普遍存在农民的生产互助行为。目前我国农业产业化取得巨大进展,农户的农业服务需求迅猛增长,但农民合作社的生成比较困难,农户之间的非正式合作也明显减少,"农民合作难"现象突出。作者以甘肃、青海、宁夏三省的实际调研资料为依据,研究了农业产业化引起的农户农业服务需求的具体变化与农民合作基础的相应变化。研究显示:(1)农业生产多元化、农户经营规模分化、现金收入增长、农户的亲戚邻居情谊淡化等因素冲击了传统农业时期的农户非正式合作行为。(2)我国农户原有的社会关系网络逐渐解体,新的稳定的社会关系网络尚未建立,是现阶段农民"合作难"的主要原因之一。这种条件下以行政力量推动成立的农民合作社往往成为"空架子"合作社。

In the traditional agriculture period, the cooperatton Denavtor ol I^H.~ With the development of agricultural industrialization, agricultural service requirement increases dramatically, however, researchers have noted, it is a bit difficult for farmers to establish cooperative organizations, even infor- mal cooperations among farmers, and this phenomenon is really serious. Taking. actual survey data of Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia provinces as the basis, we studied the specific change of the needs for agricultural services and the foundation of agricultural cooperation caused by agricultural industrialization. The research shows that. （1） The factors, such as the diversification of agricultural production, differentiation of farmer operation, growth of cash income and desalination of emotion among relatives, impacted on informal cooperation in the traditional agri- culture period. （2） The original social network of Chinese farmers has gradually disintegrated without the estab- lishment of a new stable social network, which is one of the main reasons for why farmers cooperation is so diffi- cult. In this case, the farmers＂ cooperative organizations set up by executive power often turn out to be empty shelf.