省区财政支农投入对农业生产率及其构成的影响

Empirical Research on Effects of Provinces Fiscal Expenditure on the Agricultural Productivity Using Multilateral Gravity Model of Trade

通过构建空间相关加权项估计多边贸易重力模型,构造了以地理因素表征农产品特征的省区贸易开放度的工具变量,实证研究了中国省区财政支农投入对农业生产率及其构成的影响弹性。研究结果表明:虽然财政支农显著偏低,但财政支农投入确实显著提升了农业劳动生产率;通过进一步分解劳动生产率,发现财政支农投入对资源配置效率和规模效率的影响弹性为正且显著,而对技术进步的影响弹性显著为负。表明财政支农发挥促进农业劳动生产率持续增长的作用面临着农村人力资本积累低和基础设施欠完善的强约束,未来应通过加强这两方面的投资助推农村经济组织创新来实现农业技术进步,条件不成熟时向农业新技术推广应用领域过度投资,极易陷入"拔苗助长"式的农业现代化的泥潭,降低了财政支农资金的使用效率。

Using gravity model of multilateral trade which includes a space related weighted item, the paper constructs instruments variables to deal with the endogenous factors of international trade. The empirical results show that although there is a large regional variation, the provincial fiscal expenditure on agriculture has too large effect space on labor productivity, and the channels are human capital and infrastructure other than TFP~ based on the same cause, fiscal expenditure on agriculture has too large space on TFP through the channels of allocative efficiency and scale efficiency. Increasing fiscal investment to promote technology progress could decrease the TFP through distorting peasant＇s decision behavior.