乡村旅游原真性开发的博弈分析

Game Analysis of Authenticity Development in Rural Tourism

乡村旅游的真正魅力在于乡村社区自然和人文环境的原真性。经济效用的及时性以及社会、环境效用的外部性和滞后性导致了乡村旅游环境的失真,在利益博弈中政府的缺位和不严格监管降低了这种行为的成本支付,使乡村旅游的原真性开发陷入困境。而走出困境的关键是科学界定政府角色、理顺上下级政府间的关系以及通过法律法规改变博弈方的得益,使博弈达到有利于自然和人文环境保护的纳什均衡。

The real charm of rural tourism lies in the natural and cultural authenticity in rural community. The timeliness of economic utility as well as the externality and hysteresis quality of social and environmental utility has caused the distortion of rural tourism, and the absence of government in the interest game have decreased the cost payment for the behavior, which will lead to the dilemma of authenticity protection in rural tourism and lose the Pareto Optimality. The key of resolving the problem is to define the government role scientifically, to rationalize the relationship between superiors and subordinates as well as to change the payoff of game sides through the market mechanism and government policy, and all of these will make the game to reach the equilibrium, which is beneficial for culture and environment protection.