军队医院新生儿专科护士的现况调查

Investigation on neonatal nurses in the military hospitals

目的 了解军队医院新生儿专科护士的现状并进行分析,为军队医院新生儿专科护士培养提供依据.方法 随机抽取国内6所军队医院的新生儿专科护士,共217人,采用由全军儿科学专业委员会护理学组制定的2013年军队医院新生儿病房和/或NICU专科护士现状调查表进行问卷调查.结果 新生儿专科护士的基础技能平均（1.98 ±0.01）分,专科技能平均（1.52±0.07）分,新生儿专科护士的基础技能掌握情况明显优于专科技能；专科技能中得分最低的后10位护理项目为体外膜肺（ECMO）、持续肾替代治疗（CRRT）、腹膜透析、回流洗肠、有创监测、一氧化氮（NO）吸入、造口护理、PICC留置与维护、有创机械通气、全胃肠外营养（TPN）配置.结论 新生儿专科护士的基础技能处于中上水平,但应加强专科技能的培养,有必要尽快建立新生儿专科护士培训基地,进行系统培训,以促进军队医院新生儿专科护士整体核心能力的提高.

Objective To investigate the capabilities of neonatal nurses in the military hospitals,so as to provide a reference for training neonatal specialized nurses.Methods Totals of 217 neonatal nurses were investigated with＂ neonatal wards and/or NICU nurses status questionnaire in military hospital in 2013＂ designed by Nursing Council affiliated to Military Pediatrics Association.Results The mean score of the dimensions of basic skills was （1.98 ± 0.01）,while specialized skills was （1.52 ± 0.07）,arranged in ascending order as follows：nursing of ECMO,CRRT,peritoneal dialysis,reflux enema,Invasive parameters monitoring,NO inhalation,stoma care,PICC placement and maintenance,Invasive mechanical ventilation,TPN preparation.Conclusions The basic skills of neonatal nurses is at the upper-middle level,but specialized skills of neonatal nurses should be improved.It is necessary to establish a training centre for systematic specialized neonatal nurse training as soon as possible,in order to improve neonatal nurses＇ overall core capabilities in the military hospitals.