品管圈活动在患者术前访视中的应用

Effect of quality control circle on pre-operation visit

目的探讨品管圈（QCC）活动提高3—4类手术患者术前访视质量中的效果。方法由9名护理人员组成“品管圈”小组，通过“品管圈”活动步骤，运用PDCA循环方法，对患者术前访视存在问题进行改进，并将改进前后结果进行比较。结果活动后因访视内容不完善而发生缺陷的目标达成率为233．3％，进步率为77．8％；因术前未访视而发生缺陷的目标达成率为161．5％，进步率为91．3％；因术中物品及应急措施准备不充分而发生缺陷的目标达成率为130．0％，进步率为92．9％。QCC活动前缺陷发生次数为86例次，缺陷发生率为43．0％，QCC活动后发现缺陷12次，缺陷发生率为6．0％，与改善前比较，差异有统计学意义（x2=73．179，P〈0．01）；活动前后9名圈员对Qcc小组无形成果评分比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论“品管圈”活动对提升患者术前访视质量有效，同时提高了圈员的QCC手法运用、团队精神、专业知识、沟通技巧、护理品质意识和脑力开发。

] Objective To evaluate the use of quality control circle （QCC） in patient visit before major surgery （grade 3 or 4 ）. Methods QCC team was established by nine nurses, who aim to find out the insufficiency in pre-operation visit program for major surgery then improve it, using the QCC techniques and PDCA circulation method. The defect rate was counted before and after the QCC program to evaluate the effectiveness. Results After the intervention, ＇ the rate of target completion＇ of deficient related to imperfect visit content was 233.3% with the progress rate of 77.8%, and ＇the rate of target completion＇ of deficient related to no visit was 161.5% with the progress rate of 91.3%. ＇ The rate of target completion＇ of deficient related to imperfect preparation of goods and emergency measure wasl30.0% with the progress rate of 92.9%. The defect rate was significantly decreased from 43.0% to 6.0% by using the Qcc program in major surgery pre-operation visit, which predict effectively （X2 =73. 179, P 〈0. 01 ）. And significant difference was found in the achievement of QCC program among nine nurses before and after the intervention（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions QCC program is a useful method in pre-operation visit, which can decrease the defect rate and promote the visiting quality. Meanwhile, the QCC program can improve group spirit, communication skill, subject knowledge and nursing quality.