卒中后焦虑抑郁障碍的患病率及影响因素探讨

Status of anxiety and depression after stroke

目的了解卒中后焦虑抑郁障碍的患病率，并探讨其影响因素。方法选择台州市第一人民医院2011年3月至2012年2月住院的761例脑卒中患者，采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表及汉密尔顿抑郁量表进行是否存在焦虑抑郁障碍的临床诊断。结果761例脑卒中患者中，焦虑抑郁障碍患者309例，发生率为40．6％。脑卒中部位、神经功能缺损程度、家庭经济状况、心血管病史及病程长短、性别、家庭社会关系、婚姻状况、学历是焦虑抑郁的重要相关因素（均P〈0．05）。结论患者不同年龄、职业、有无脑卒中史、脑梗死次数对抑郁和焦虑的影响无明显差异，病变部位、神经功能缺损程度、家庭经济状况、心血管病史、病程长短等对抑郁焦虑症状的发生有明显影响。

Objective To understand the incidence of the anxiety-depression of stroke and the related fac- tors among stroke patients. Methods Totally 761 patients with stroke from March 2011 to February 2012 were se- lected （patients of transient ischemic attack, patients with aphasia, severe dementia, deafness emotional expression disorder and other patients according to the exclusion standard were excluded）. The relevant scales were used for clinical diagnosis. Results Among 761 patients with strokes, there were 309 cases of anxiety-depression, account- ing for 40.6%. There were 13 factors that were related to the anxiety-depression of stroke. Location of the stroke, nerve function defect degree, family economic status, history of cardiovascular disease （ P 〈 0.05 ） and duration of illness,gender, family and social relations, marital status and educational background were important factors （all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions There are no significant differences between the patients of different age, occupation of depression and anxiety. Different lesion location, degree of neurological deficit, the economic situation of the family, history of cardiovascular disease and duration of illness have significant effects on risk of depression and anxietv svmntoms.