植物精油抑制真菌生长及毒素积累的研究

Role of Essential Oils in the Inhibition of Fungal Growth and Mycotoxin Accumulation

采用平板熏蒸法比较了8种植物精油分别对黄曲霉、禾谷镰刀菌及串珠镰刀菌生长的抑制作用,并将抑菌效果较好的精油分别应用到染菌玉米中,研究其对黄曲霉毒素B1和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇积累的影响,结果表明:在20d培养期内肉桂油能完全抑制黄曲霉的生长,柠檬醛能完全抑制禾谷镰刀菌的生长,丁香酚能显著抑制黄曲霉和禾谷镰刀菌的生长。肉桂油可显著抑制黄曲霉毒素B1的积累,在玉米水分含量13%时,抑制率达98.94%;丁香酚可显著抑制脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的积累,在玉米水分含量21%时,抑制率达98.33%。

In the study,we compared eight different kinds of essential oils on their fumigation role in inhibiting Aspergillus flavus,Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides.And efficient oils were applied to infected maize,to analyze the accumulation of aflatoxin B1（AFB1） and deoxynivalenol（DON）,as the oil inhibits A.flavus and F.graminearum respectively.The result showed that Cinnamon oil could completely inhibit the growth of A.flavus,and citral oil could completely inhibit the growth of F.graminearum in 20 days,while eugenol oil could inhibit the growth of the two fungal effectively.Cinnamon oil could effectively inhibit the growth of A.flavus,when the moisture content was 13%,so there was 98.94% reduction in the accumulation of AFB1.Eugenol could inhibit the growth of F.graminearum,when the moisture content was 21%,so there was 98.33% reduction in the accumulation of DON.