古代保辜制度与当今人身伤害鉴定

The Reference of the Baogu System for the Judicial Expertise in the Bodily Injury Cases

保辜制度作为我国古代独特的一项法律制度,从历史文献中探究其基本内容、起源与流变、制度背后的法律思想以及法律功效,尤其是结合我国当前人身伤害案件的司法和鉴定实践中存在的诸如司法鉴定时机、时限与司法机关办案期限、羁押期限之间的冲突,损害后果与涉案行为之间因果关系重要性认识不足,被害人的民事权利难以得到切实保障等现实问题进行针对性分析更具有制度意义。借鉴保辜制度的立法思想,能够有效地改良当前的法律移植活动,完善我国人身伤害司法鉴定制度,提高鉴定技术,尤其是区别化地对待刑民事案件,解决疑罪案件的民事赔偿等问题。

The Baogu system in ancient China was the unique legal system. Firstly, the author studies the basic content, the origin and rheological, legal thoughts and legal effection of the Baogu system. Secondly, the author studies the conflicts between the judicial evaluation time, time limit and the term of the judicial organs handling the cases, detain deadline, insufficient understanding of the importance of the causal relationship between ACTS and the injury consequence, the victims’ civil rights failed to effectively protected, combining with our current judiciary and appraisal practices of bodily injury cases. Finally the author puts forward some suggestions from the reference of the system of the legislative thought, to improve the current legal transplant activities and perfect our country’s personal injury judicial identification system, improve identification technology, especially the difference between treat punishment of civil cases, so as to effectively solve civil damages cases suspected sin.