婚前检查与孕前保健的出生缺陷预防指导

Premarital examination and pregnancy care guidance of birth defect prevention

目的 对婚前检查与孕前保健的出生缺陷进行预防指导,以提高人口质量.方法 选取2008年1月～2010年12月来本院进行优生咨询以及监测的1412例计划怀孕的妇女,将其分为干预组（研究对象为城区人群）和对照组（研究对象为农村人群）.两组研究对象均进行遗传风险、不良行为和生活方式、导致畸形物体的接触等方面的风险评估.结果 干预组的孕前检测优生率为72.2％,明显优于对照组的58.8％,两组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.干预组患者的文化程度明显高于对照组,两组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.干预组高风险率为34.9％,对照组为33.0％,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 不同文化程度的人群对婚前检查与孕期保健的出生缺陷预防指导认识程度不同,应指导计划怀孕的女性进行正确的婚前检查与孕期保健.

Objective To check before marriage and pregnancy care of birth defect prevention guidance, in order to improve population quality. Methods 1412 cases of healthy birth consultation and monitoring in our plan to pregnant women were chose from January 2008 to December 2008,they were divided into the intervention group （the object of study for urban population） and the control group （the object of study for rural population）.Two groups of subjects were genetic risk,bad behavior and life style, lead to deformity object to evaluate the risk of exposure,etc.The genetic risk, bad behavior and way of life,lead to deformity object contact aspects of risk in the two groups were evaluated. Results The pregnancy testing eugenics rate in the intervention group was 72.2%,obviously better than control group of 58.8%, the two groups were compared,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.The degree of education in the inter- vention group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the two groups were compared,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.The high risk rate in the intervention group was 34.9%,the control group was 33.0%,the difference was no statistically significant （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The people with different cultural degree of premarital ex- amination and pregnancy care guidance of birth defect prevention awareness,planned pregnant women should be in- structed to the correct premarital examination and health care during pregnancy.