2010～2012年医院感染现患率调查分析

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in 2010-2012

目的 了解医院感染现患率、抗菌药物使用及微生物送检的动态变化.方法 按照《医院感染预防与控制标准操作规程》中横断面调查方法,对2010年7月27日、2011年9月8日和2012年8月10日（0：00～24：00）所有住院患者进行调查.结果 医院感染现患率逐年下降,平均为2.69％；感染部位以下呼吸道为主,平均占50.57％,并呈逐年上升趋势；感染高发科室有ICU、血液内科、肾内科、神经外科、新生儿科；抗菌药物使用率平均为59.44％,逐年下降；病原学送检率平均为57.51％;3年共检出病原体106株,以革兰阴性细菌为主.结论 通过连续的现患率调查可掌握医院感染的动态变化,医院感染的高发部位及高危科室,为今后医院感染管理重点提供依据.

Objective To understand the dynamic status of nosocomial infection,the use of antibacterial agents and the microbial inspection.Methods The hospitalized patients on July 27 in 2010, September 8 in 2011 and August 10 in 2012 （0：00-24：00） were investigated according to the cross-sectional investigation method in Hospital Infection Prevention and Control Standard Operating Procedures.Results The nosocomial infection rate was 2.69% and now it declined year by year.The main infection site was lower respiratory tract. The average rate of nosocomial infection was 50.57% and it showed a rising trend year by year,while the high incidence of nosocomial infection department were ICU,blood medicine,urology department,neurosurgery and neonatal.The rate of antibacterial agents accounted for 59.44% and it declined year by year.The microbial inspection rate was 57.51%. 106 strains of pathogens were detected.Most of the pathogens were gram negative bacterias.Conclusion The dynamic change of nosocomial infection, the main infection sites and high-risk department master are mastered through the continuous investigation and it can provide basis for the hospital infection management.