俄罗斯能源企业“走出去”发展战略与中俄合作

The "Going Out" Development Strategy of Russian Energy Enterprises and Sino-Russia Cooperation

俄罗斯不仅开发利用丰富的国内能源资源,而且十分重视开拓海外资源,积极推动和鼓励俄罗斯能源企业"走出去"。近年来,在国际能源市场价格回稳、市场规模不断扩大的形势下,俄罗斯能源企业加紧开拓海外资源市场,扩大国际影响力。其外向型能源发展战略日臻成熟。在国家的支持下,逐渐形成了以大型能源企业组成的俄罗斯能源海外扩展的骨干力量。2008年的金融危机对俄罗斯的能源企业"走出去"发展战略造成了一定程度的影响,能源企业对海外经营进行了调整。后危机时代,国际市场的整合调整以及成功加入世贸组织,为俄罗斯的"走出去"发展战略提供了新的机遇。俄罗斯的能源外向型发展战略中的国家作用将进一步强化,能源企业的海外扩展将增加新的内容。未来,中俄的能源合作不仅局限于两国之间,而且将涉及世界其他地区的资源领域。只有进一步加强两国在能源领域的合作,才能实现双赢发展。

Russia not only exploits the abundant domestic natural resources,but also pays attention to developing the natural resources overseas in order to promote and encourage their energy enterprises to 'go out'.Recently,as the price starts to be stabilized in international resource market and the world market scale becomes larger and larger,the Russian energy enterprises are eager to expand their overseas markets and their influences.The strategy of extroverted resource development becomes mature.With the help of government,there is a group of powerful firms who start to lead in the world resource mar-kets like some of the large energy companies.The global financial crisis in 2008 had a certain influence on the 'going out' strategy of Russian energy enterprises,and they began to make international adjustments accordingly.During the post-crisis period,the integration of international resource market and the successful accession to the WТО provides a very good opportunity for Russian 'going out' policy.The role of Russian government in the extroverted resource development strategy will be strengthened and new contents will come into being during the overseas expansion of resource enterprises.In future,the Sino-Russia energy cooperation will be beyond the two nations and will involve the resource field in other parts of the world.Therefore,the two nations should cooperate closely in energy resource field to realize bilateral benefits.