秋水仙素间断式诱导植物多倍体研究

A Study of Intermittently Induced Polyploidy by Colchicine in Plants

以大蒜根尖为材料,首创秋水仙素间断式诱导植物多倍体方法,即将材料在秋水仙素中处理一段时间,再放入自来水中处理一段时间,如此重复循环至根尖膨大.该研究通过秋水仙素7个质量分数(0.05%,0.08%,0.10%,0.20%,0.40%,0.60%,0.80%)和4个间隔时间(3h,6h,12h,24h)的正交组合分别处理大蒜根尖,同时以无间断处理为对照组进行研究分析.研究表明:间断式处理不仅能减弱秋水仙素对大蒜根尖的毒害和生长抑制作用,还能提高根尖诱导加倍率,且低质量分数、间隔时间短的诱导组加倍率显著提高.秋水仙素质量分数为0.08%、间断式处理3h为最佳诱导组合,诱导加倍率高达95.35%.

A novel procedure for polyploidy induction,i.e.intermittent polyploidy induction,was developed in this study with garlic root tips as the experiment material.The garlic root tips were soaked alternately in colchicine solutions and tap water until the apex enlarged.Seven colchicine concentrations（0.05%,0.08%,0.10%,0.20%,0.40%,0.60% and 0.80%） were combined with four intervals（3 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h） to form 28 orthogonal combinations and the colchicine treatment without interruption was used as the control.The results showed that intermittent treatment not only alleviated the poisoning and growth-inhibition effects of colchicine to garlic root tips,but also increased the rate of chromosome doubling of the treated apices and that the combinations of low concentrations and short intervals significantly increased the doubling rate.The optimum combination was 0.08% colchicine solution and 3h interval,which gave a chromosome doubling rate of 95.35%.