夏热冬冷地区自然通风对居住建筑热环境和能耗的影响

Natural Ventilation Influencing Residential Building’s Thermal Environment and Energy Consumption in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Area

结合夏热冬冷地区的气候特点和当地居民的生活习惯,介绍了自然通风在改善室内热环境方面的实际运用。气候数据表明全年27.41%的时间里室外环境满足热舒适要求,具备用自然通风替代采暖空调设备的条件。以南京地区1栋典型居住建筑为例,使用清华大学开发的建筑能耗及自然室温模拟软件DeST-h进行模拟分析计算。结果表明,采取自然通风后,夏季和过渡季节室内的自然室温平均降低14.51%,夏季制冷期空调能耗降低21.26%。实验测试结果也显示,加强自然通风后,居住建筑室温明显下降,可以辅证模拟结果。

The study presents the application of natural ventilation in improving the indoor thermal environment by combining climate characteristics of hot summer and cold winter area into the living habits of the local;data shows outdoor environment meets the thermal com fort requirements and is qualified to replace heating and air conditioning equipment during 27.41% of the whole year.With a typical residen tial building of Nanjing as an example,the software DeST-h for building energy consumption and natural room temperature simulation devel oped by Tsinghua University is utilized.It shows that by using natural ventilation,the indoor natural temperature reduced by 14.51% on aver age during the summer and transitional seasons;the energy consumption of the air conditioning decreased by 21.26%.By enhancing the natu ral ventilation in the experimental test,the indoor temperature of the residential buildings decreased significantly,which could testify the re sult,too.