菌根真菌对樱桃幼苗生长发育的影响

Effects of abuscular mycorrhiza fungi on the growth and development of cherry seedling

以1年生的樱桃(Prunus pseudocerasus)幼苗为试材,通过其移栽过程中在根系附近添加50、100、150 mL等不同剂量的菌根真菌,研究菌根真菌对樱桃幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明:菌根真菌能明显提高真菌在樱桃幼苗根系中的定植率,最高值出现在菌根真菌处理后的120 d,菌根真菌处理的定植率分别是对照的17、18、23倍。菌根真菌的添加提高了根际土中蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶的活性以及有效氮、磷、钾的含量,其作用效果与菌根真菌的添加量呈现较好的正相关性。菌根真菌处理叶片的CAT、SOD活性高于对照,MDA含量低于对照。菌根真菌显著提高了樱桃幼苗的成活率,100、150 mL处理的成活率均为100%。综合分析认为,每棵添加150 mL菌根真菌能较大程度地改善樱桃幼苗根际土及树体的养分状况,增强其抗病性,较好地促进樱桃幼苗的生长发育。

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of abuscular mycorrhiza（AM） fungi on the growth and development of oneyear-old cherry（Prunus pseudocerasus） seedling.50,100 and 150 mL AM fungi were respectively applied into surroundings of root system when cherry seedlings were transplanted.The results showed that AM fungi significantly enhanced the colonization rate in the root and the maximum values of which appeared at 120 days after AM fungi applied,were 17,18 and 23 times in comparison to the control.After AM fungi colonization in the roots,the activities of phosphatase,urease and invertase enzymes and available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium concentrations in rhizosphere soil markedly increased and positive trend was found between effectiveness and application quantity of AM fungi.Compared to control plant,AM fungi improved the activities of CAT and SOD enzymes but decreased MDA content.Due to enhancement of soil and tree＇s nutrients,the survival percentage of cherry seedling was both 100% for 100 mL and 150 mL treatments.It is therefore proposed that 150 mL AM fungi per tree was the best choice for the growth and clevelopment of cherry seedling.