亚洲薄荷内生真菌多样性研究

Endophytic fungi diversity of Mentha asiatica Boriss.

采用纯培养的方法对广西所采50株健康亚洲薄荷150茎段、350片叶子中分离纯化内生真菌。用形态学分类鉴别方法依据产孢内生真菌在标准培养基的菌落颜色、菌落形态及孢子的着生方式进行鉴定。部分不产孢内生真菌利用促孢培养基培养结合分子生物技术对不产孢子内生真菌进行比对鉴定。结果从亚洲薄荷中分离出481株内生真菌,隶属1纲5目6科20属。丛梗孢科Moniliaceae是其优势科,其中拟青霉属Paecilomyces、轮枝孢属Verticillium、枝顶孢属Acremonium为主要菌群,分别占11.88%、7.92%和8.91%。叶子明显以叶点霉属Phyllosticta(17.21%)、小齿梗霉属Rhinotrichum(13.49%)、黑团孢属Nigrospora(11.16%)、枝顶孢属Acremonium(10.70%)为优势菌株,而茎则以拟青霉属Paecilomyces(18.60%)、轮枝孢属Verticillium(13.95%)为优势菌株。表明亚洲薄荷内生真菌具有丰富的多样性,其中拟青霉菌属是其优势菌落,其中还分离培养到枝顶孢属内生真菌,拟青霉菌和枝顶孢属菌物有抗菌活性,和薄荷的抗菌活性是否有联系还需进一步研究。

Isolating the endophyte by pure culture taken from the 150 healthy stem segments and 350 leaves of Mentha asiatica Boriss.,then identifying by morphology based on the color and morphology of colony,as well as attachment mode of the spore with molecular method for the fungi without spore.Results showed that 481 strains were isolated,which belonged to 1 class,5 orders,6 families,20 genera respectively.Moniliaceae was the dominate family,within in which Paecilomyces（11.88%）,Verticillium（7.92%） and Acremonium（8.91%） were the main generas.And the endophytic fungi presented an organ specifity.Phyllosticta（17.21%）,Rhinotrichum（13.49%）,Nigrospora（11.16%）,Acremonium（10.70%） were the primary strains in the leaves,while Paecilomyces（18.60%）,Verticillium（13.95%） were the dominate generas in the stem.Endophytic fungi of Mentha asiatica Boriss.have rich diversity,and the endophtic fungi are the original of the new compounds to develop,Penicillium and Acremonium have been demonstrated antimicrobial activity,the connection between the host and the endophytic fungi need further study.