麻痹性斜视的临床表现分析

Clinical features of paralytic strabismus

目的:观察麻痹性斜视患者的临床表现,探讨其发病机制。方法:收集2008-07/2013-02麻痹性斜视89例97眼患者的相关资料,包括眼科和全身病史、症状、视力、眼底、瞳孔、眼睑、视野、眼球运动、同视机、代偿头位、眼球和眼肌超声、颈动脉多普勒超声、眼眶CT和头部MRI及血液生化和免疫学检查。结果:本组麻痹性斜视患者中,既往有高血压病史者36例,糖尿病史者28例,高血脂病史者19例,心脏病病史者17例,缺血性脑血管病史者12例,甲亢病史者3例;自觉症状包括眩晕47例、双眼一过性黑矇36例。眼球运动受限检查:水平方向受限38例45眼,垂直方向受限42例42眼,水平和垂直方向都受限9例10眼。结论:引起麻痹性斜视最常见的病因是脑血管病,患者具有较高比例的全身疾病背景,对于这样的患者要注意发现和优先治疗危及生命的椎基底动脉系统缺血性病变。

AIM： To observe the clinical features of paralytic strabismus and analyze its etiology. METHODS： Eighty-nine cases （97 eyes） were diagnosed with paralytic strabismus and recruited in this study in the Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University between July 2008 and February 2013. The clinical data were recorded including the general and ophthalmic history, symptom, visual acuity, fundus, pupil, eyelid, visual field, eye movement, synoptophore, acting countervail head, ultrasound of eyeball and ocular muscle, color Doppler ultrasonography of the carotid artery, orbital computed tomography （CT）, brain magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, blood biochemistry and immunologic tests. RESULTS： The medical history disclosed that among these cases, hypertension in 36 cases, diabetic mellitus in 28 cases, hyperlipidemia in 19 cases, heart diseases in 17 cases, ischemic cerebrovascular disease in 12 cases and hyperthyroidism in 3 cases. Symptoms included vertigo in 47 cases and binocular temporal amaurosis in 36 cases. The horizontal restriction was manifested in 38 cases 45 eyes, vertical restriction in 42 cases with 42 eyes, and horizontal-and-vertical restriction in 9 cases with 10 eyes. CONCLUSION： Brain vascular ischemic disease is one of the top reasons causing paralytic strabismus. Systemic disease history was found in a high proportion of the cases. It is of great essence to detect the life-threatening ischemia of vertebrobasilar artery system and take priority for treatment.