王夫之教育思想的人类学解读

Anthropological Interpretation of Wang Fuzhi's Educational Thoughts

王夫之是中国明清之际伟大的哲学家和教育家。社会的大变革给王夫之思想烙下了深刻的批判印记,他以"六经责我开生面"自勉,对民族兴衰之命运展开了深刻的思考。政治斗争失败之后,王夫之辗转到学术领域,从此开始了40多年的教书著述生涯。他从唯物史观的角度出发,阐述了关于教育的作用。笔者运用教育人类学的理论方法从民族发展、教育的可能性与必要性、教学论等方面对王夫之民族教育思想进行解读,有助于更全面系统地理解王夫之的教育思想体系。

Wang Fuzhi was a great philosopher and educationalist in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. Great social changes left profound critical imprint on his thoughts. Encouraging himself by ＂turning a new leaf through annotating the Six Classics＂, he made penetrating contemplations of the rise and fall of the nation. After his failure in political struggle, he turned to academic studies, starting his 40-year long life of teaching and writing books in which he elaborated educational functions from materialistic perspective. The writers of this paper attempt to interpret his national educational thoughts about national development, feasibility and necessity of education and pedagogy by applying anthropological methods in order to make a comprehensive and systematic understanding of his ideological system.