广西水稻品种在柬埔寨种植后产量构成因素的变化(英文)

Yield component variations of Guangxi rice lines planted in Cambodia

【目的】比较广西水稻品种在柬埔寨生产条件下产量构成因子的变化,从而为柬埔寨引种广西水稻品种提供参考依据,促进柬埔寨水稻产量的提高。【方法】在金边水稻试验基地,选用6个广西优良水稻新品系,分别采用常规移栽和直播两种方式种植,调查不同水稻品种的生育期及产量构成因子。【结果】无论是感光还是感温品种,均可在柬埔寨的气候条件下完成正常的生育进程。在高密度直播栽培条件下,结实率保持基本不变,但千粒重明显降低;在常规移栽处理中,由于施肥水平较低,导致结实率明显降低。大粒型水稻品种在柬埔寨种植时,产量构成因子比小粒型品种变化更明显。广西水稻品种在柬埔寨种植后,稻米的食味品质无明显变化。【结论】广西小粒型水稻品种在柬埔寨用直播和移栽的方式种植,产量表现稳定;种植大粒型品种(千粒重大于22.0 g)时,需要施用较多的肥料,尤其要注重穗肥的补充,以提高结实率。

[Objective]The objective of this study is to test the yield component changes to give some suggestions when Guangxi rice cultivars were transferred to Cambodia. [Method]Guangxi rice cultivars were grown under transplanted and direct seeding conditions. Their duration and yield componets were investigated. [Result]All rice lines including photoperiod- and temperature-sensitive materials could complete development cycle normally. Seed setting rate remained almost unchanged and the grain weight decreased when growing under high dense, i.e., direct seeding conditions; but in transplanted, low nutrient application field, the number of filled grains decreased significantly. The yield component indexes of rice lines with larger grain size was affected more under conditions of Cambodia. No sensible difference of eating quality was perceived in different Guangxi rice cultivars under planting conditions of Cambodia. [Conclusion]It suggested that, when Guangxi rice cultivars were transferred to Cambodia, small seed size lines were more likely to get stable yield under both transplanted and direct seeding conditions; the rice lines with large grain (1000-grain weight above 22.0 g) need appropriate supplementary fertilizer, especially at grain filling stage to increase seed setting rate.