聚乙烯醇纤维增强热塑性淀粉塑料的研究

Study on the Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch

采用双螺杆挤出法，以甘油为增塑剂，研究了质量分数为0．25％～2％的聚乙烯醇（PVA）纤维对热塑性淀粉（TPS）的增强作用。通过SEM、电子拉力机、热重法和流变仪分别研究了PVA纤维含量对PVA／TPS体系的拉伸断面形貌、力学性能、热稳定性以及加工性能影响。结果表明，PVA纤维在TPS中具有良好的分散性，可有效提高材料的力学性能，当PVA添加量为1．5％时，体系具有最佳的力学性能（拉伸强度为3．8MPa，断裂伸长率为158％）；PVA纤维添加量对体系的热稳定性基本没有影响；流变性能表明少量PVA纤维的加入可以提高加工性能，随着其含量的增加，加工性能变差。

With glycerin as plasticizer, the effect of polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） fiber 0. 25 - 2 wt% on the reinforced thermoplastic starch （TPS） was studied by a twin-screw extruder. SEM, Electronic tensile machine, TG and rheometer were used for the studies of PVA fiber content on tensile fracture surface, mechanical properties, thermal properties and processing performance of PVA/TPS system. The results showed that the PVA fibers had a good dispersion in the TPS, and mechanical properties were improved significantly. When the PVA fibers was 1.5 wt%, it had better mechanical properties （the tensile strength was 3.8 MPa, elongation at break was 158% ）. The thermal stability of the system had no obvious change. A small amount of PVA fiber could improve the processing performance, while with the increase of the content of the PVA fiber, the processing performance was poorer.