俄罗斯对外贸易的现状及对策研究

The Present Situation of Russia's Foreign Trade and Its Countermeasures

俄罗斯自1990年代初取消政府垄断的对外经济体制,实行开放的经济政策后,对外经济形势逐渐趋于稳定,在国际市场上所占的份额不断攀升,俄罗斯经济总量已占到世界GDP的第9位。贸易顺差逐年增长,对外贸易对整个国家经济的发展所起到的拉动作用越来越大,但俄罗斯对外贸易结构不合理:资源型产品出口比重过大,高附加值与高科技产品所占比重偏低,贸易方式亟待改变。

Since Russia cancelled the government monopoly of foreign trade and implemented an open e-conomic policy in the early 1990s, its foreign economic situation has been gradually moving towards sta- bility, its global market share has been rising and total output ranks ninth in the world＇ s GDP. The trade surplus mounts and foreign trade plays an increasingly significant role in boosting the development of na- tional economy as a whole, however, the structure of Russia＇ s foreign trade is still imbalanced： large proportion of resource-based exports, small percentage of high value-added and high-tech products. Therefore, Russia＇s foreign trade mode needs to be changed.