19世纪末英国在华侵占路矿的活动

On Great Britain's Activities of Seizing Railway Construction and Mining in China at the End of 19th Century

英国是世界上资格最老的资本主义国家。从鸦片战争爆发到19世纪末,英国凭借其技术优势在掠夺中国资源方面始终占有优势地位,尤其在修筑铁路、开办煤矿方面。这一时期,在帝国主义列强争夺中国铁路投资利权的活动中,英国是攫取利权最多的国家;在煤矿方面,则获得了山西、河南等省的开采权。侵占路矿的活动表明,英国把它在华资本转向固定性投资,此举不仅巩固了英国在华的既得利益,而且又谋取了更多的特权。

As the oldest capitalist country in the world, Britain had always occupied a dominant position in China from the Opium War to the end of 19th century, especially in the railway construction and min- ing. During that period, Britain seized many economic interests and political power. Britain grabbed min-ing rights in Shanxi and Henan, which showed its investment transition. Britain＇s activities of seizing rail-way construction and mining in China not only consolidated its vested interests, but obtained more privile-ges as well.