新农村建设背景下中国农村住房发展:成就与挑战

Progresses and Challenges of the Rural Housing in China

基于第二次全国农业普查资料和其他统计资料,从住房特征(结构特征、邻里特征、区位特征)角度构建农村住房综合评价指标体系,对中国农村住房发展状况、存在的问题进行全国范围的分析,并提出可供选择的对策思路。数据分析显示:随着经济与社会的快速发展,我国农村住房建设取得了巨大的成就,农民居住水平得到了超前发展。然而,与此同时,住房领域的深层次问题亦逐渐显露,这主要表现在区域发展不平衡、居住分化的日益突出、土地资源浪费,基础设施和村居环境建设相对滞后等一系列问题。变革农村住房制度,加强规划管理,促进村庄集聚,加大财政支农力度和对落后地区的扶持力度是全面提高我国农村居民居住质量的有效途径。

Based on the second national agricultural census data and other statistical data, from the perspective of housing characteristics （structure characteristics, neighborhood characteristics, location characteristics）, the rural housing comprehensive evaluation index system has been established to analyze the China＇ s rural residents living condition and the existent problems, then the paper puts forward some countermeasures to resolve the problems. With the rapid development of economy and society, rural housing construction has made great achievements, and farmers＇ living standards have been developed in advance. However, rapid transformation of housing has also exposed some fundamental problems. The regional differentiation is becoming large, the housing differentiation is prominent, and the traditional rural housing regimes face many challenges. It is necessary to modernize the rural housing to cope with these challenges. Changing rural housing system, strengthening planning management, promoting village cluster, and increasing financial support and the support strength in the backward area are the effective ways to improve China＇ s rural resident living quality comprehensively.