地区经济差距对城乡收入差距的影响机理与实证分析——以统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区重庆市为例

Influence Mechanism and Empirical Analysis of Regional Economic Disparity on Urban-rural Income Disparity: Take Chongqing as an Example

地区经济差距内在地通过聚集回波效应和扩散涓滴效应影响着城乡收入差距。本文首先分析了地区经济差距对城乡收入差距的影响机理,然后以重庆市为例进行了实证研究。结果表明,重庆市地区经济发展差距呈现出全市先下降后上升、地带内部逐步扩大、地带间在波动中下降的发展趋势。重庆市二元经济结构呈现出倒N型变动轨迹,城乡收入差距为呈倒U型变动轨迹,城乡消费差距则呈M型变动轨迹,总体而言,城乡差距在开始缩小。计量模型说明,重庆市城乡收入差距因经济的聚集回波效应和扩散涓滴的交替作用而随地带间差距、全市差距的变化及整体经济的发展呈倒U型变化。城乡统筹政策的制定,需要综合考虑内部地区经济差距与城乡收入差距相互交织的复杂模式,制定相应政策着力解决城乡收入差距问题。

The regional economic disparity inherently affects the urban-rural income disparity through the agglomeration effect, backward effect, spreading effect and trickling-down effect. This paper first analyzes the mechanisms that the regional economic disparity has effect on the urban-rural income disparity, and then takes Chongqing which is a pilot area of comprehensive reform on urban-rural coordinated development as an example for empirical study. The results show that the trend of Chongqing regional economic development disparity presents ＇going up at first and then going down＇ in the whole region, gradually expands within the zone, and declines in fluctuation among the zone. Chongqing dual economic structure presents inverted N shape change track, urban-rural income disparity presents an inverted U shape change track, and urban-rural consumption gap presents M shape change track; in general, the urban-rural income disparity is beginning to shrink. Measurement model specification shows that along with the change of the disparity among the zone, the disparity of the whole region and the overall economic development, the urban-rural income disparity present inverted U shape characteristics, which is caused by agglomeration effect and backward effect, spreading effect and trickling-down effect interwoven with each other. The formulation of urban-rural policy should be based on the complex mode between the internal regional economic disparity and urban-rural income disparity. Corresponding policies should be formulated to solve the problems between urban and rural areas.