云南省青少年健康需求及认知评价

An Evaluation of Adolescents' Need for and Recognition of Health in Yunnan Provivce

目的:针对青少年健康需求,作相关认知及教育背景的调查,为学校健康教育的深入提供依据。方法:用定势问卷法对整群随机抽取的28所中学3595名初高中生作家境及疾病和保健知识的调查。结果:3595名青少年对常见传染病传播途径知晓率AIDS为76.38％,甲、乙型肝炎为37.72％和59.55％,结核57.39％,对慢性病及贫血预防措施掌握率为63.76％和67.45％。并且有重点中学学生优于非重点,城市优于乡村,高中优于初中,女生优于男生的特征(P<0.01),且与家庭经济文化密切相关。结论:云南青少年健康认知与需求间有较大差距。应尽快编写针对和实用性强的健康教育教材,加强农村师资培训以提高学校健康教育的整体效能。

Purpose:To get exact information on degreed that the adolescents know about some major diseases,so as to provide basis for health promotion plan in schools. Method: (1)Through the method of the data consultation, to doing prevalent diseases diagnosing of damage to their health. (2)Questionnaire to 3 595 students (male 1 844, female 1 767) that are random samplings from 28 middle schools in 8 prefectures to see degreed that they know of AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis, anemia, and other chronic diseases. (3) Sociololgical investigation and diagnosis of families. Result:21.5% mothers received elementary education.33.16% mothers received junior middle school education;40.33% mothers received senior middle school education or higher education;30.71% mothers are peasants,and 43.12% mothers are workers.Their rates of correctness concerning concepts of diseases and their prevention are as follows:AIDS:89.01% and 76.38% ;hepatitis:85.56% and 37.72% ,chronic dis-eases:81.42% and 63.76% ;tuberculosis:68.29% and 72.41%1; anemia:54.3% .This suggests a lower comprehension rate concerning prevention than the concept of them. In regard with concerning knowledge, those who received senior middle school education prevail over those who received junior middle school education; women prevail over men,city people prevail over the country people and key school students are better than students of other schools,and it has something to do with their mothers' own cultivation. Conclusion:There is much discrepancy between what the adolescents need and what they actually receive in schools. A school health promotion plan should be established or improved upon as soon as possible. This is especially so in the countryside.