摘要
自心理学领域的性别角色研究兴起至今,已是百年有余。这条跨越世纪的研究之路先后经历了男女智力差异、男女人格特质、双性化以及性别角色社会化四个历史阶段,孕育出丰硕的理论和实践成果。本文将重点介绍性别角色的主要理论,包括精神分析理论、认知发展理论、社会认知理论和性别图式理论,以及性别角色的主要测量工具和影响因素,并浅谈伴随社会变革出现的传统性别观念弱化等社会现象,就当前性别角色教育存在的问题与前景予以讨论。
The history of the field of gender role study now has more than one hundred year, which has made great achievements and been divided into four periods： 1894-1936, sex differences in intelligence; 1936-1954, M/F as a global personality trait; 1954-1982, sex typing and androgyny; 1982-present, gender as a social category. This article focuses on the major theories of gender roles, including the theory of psychoanalysis, theory of cognitive development, social cognitive theory and gender schema theory, as well as the measurement tools and the influencing factors of gender roles. In addition, discussion on the weakening of traditional gender stereotypes, gender role education problems and prospects are presented.
出处
《社会心理科学》
2013年第7期26-31,共6页
Science of Social Psychology
关键词
性别角色
认知发展
社会认知
性别图式
性别角色量表
gender role
cognitive development
social cognitive
gender schema
sex role inventory
