上海PM_(2.5)工业源谱的建立

Establishing PM_(2.5) industrial source profiles in Shanghai

总结统计了我国目前的PM2.5源成分谱,指出我国本土源谱缺乏的现状.我国主要的污染源类如燃煤源、机动车源、道路尘、生物质燃烧源等,在源解析工作中均有借鉴外来源谱的情况.对上海典型工业污染源进行PM2.5源谱测定.研究发现,混合燃料电厂和燃煤电厂主要化学组分相似,但是Ca、Al、Fe在混合燃料电厂排放中贡献更大,Ca占(8.0±4.7)%,而燃煤电厂排放颗粒物中SO42-的贡献可达(23.3%±3.7%).烧结厂和电炉厂的源谱差距较大,烧结厂中SO42-(22.8%±10.0%)、Cl-(20.0%±4.5%)、K(17.2%±8.5%)、OC(13.0%±11.5%)、Ca(12.7%±4.2%)等物种贡献较大,而电炉厂中Fe(38.2%±0.6%)、Zn(10.4%±1.2%)等物种含量丰富.不同源类化学组分的显著差异与其工艺过程紧密相关.

This study presented a summary of PM2.5 source profiles status in China, indicating that there is a great need of local source profiles nationwide. Due to the lack of local source profiles of major source types in China such as coal combustion, vehicular emission, road dust and biomass burning, some non-local source profiles were used in PM2.ssource apportionment work. Representative industries were chosen to establish PM2.5 industrial source profiles in Shanghai. The two power plants shared similar major components with different contributions. Ca, A1 and Fe contributed more to hybrid-fuel power plant and Ca could account for （8.0-±：4.7）% while SO42- dominated fine particulate matter from coal-burn power plant, up to （23.3±3.7）%. The profiles for sintering plant and smelting furnace plant were quite different due to different industrial processes. SO42- （22.8%±10.0%）, C1- （20.0%±4.5%）, K （17.2%±8.5%）, OC （13.0%±11.5%）, Ca （12.7%±4.2%） were the main contributors at sintedng plant while Fe 08.20%±0.6%） and Zn （10.4% ±1.2%） dominated PM2.5 emissions from smelting furnace plant. The significant discrepancies of chemical species from different sources are closely linked to different industrial processes.