海岛地区血浆凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of clinical distribution and drug resistance of plasma coagulase-negative Staphylococcusin island area

目的分析血浆凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)的临床分布特征及其耐药性,为临床治疗葡萄球菌属感染提供依据。方法对各种临床标本分离到的CNS进行鉴定及药敏试验,对其结果进行统计及分析。结果 1426株葡萄球菌属中CNS 1033株,其中表皮葡萄球菌398株、溶血葡萄球菌294株、头状葡萄球菌111株、人葡萄球菌98株、腐生葡萄球菌腐生亚种54株、模仿葡萄球菌21株、其他葡萄球菌57株,分别占38.5%、28.5%、10.7%、9.5%、5.2%、2.0%、5.5%;表皮葡萄球菌对青霉素类、红霉素、苯唑西林、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶有较高的耐药率,分别为90.7%、75.4%、73.7%、59.8%,对利福平、万古霉素、阿米卡星、替考拉宁、阿米卡星有较好的敏感性。结论CNS已成为医院感染的重要病原菌,临床应了解医院内CNS分布和耐药性,合理选用抗菌药物,控制医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical distribution characteristics and drug resistance of plasma coagulase- negative Staphylococcus （CNS） so as to provide the appropriate reference for choosing antibiotics in clinical treatment of Staphylococci infections. METHODS The identification and drug susceptibility testing were conducted for the CNS isolated from all types of clinical specimens in order to make statistical analysis on the results. RESULTS Of totally 1426 strains of Staphylococci isolated, there were 1033 （38. 5%） strains of CNS, 398 （28.5%） strains of S. epiderrnidis, 294（10.7%） strains of S. haemolyticus, 111 （9.5%） strains of S. capitis, 98 （5.2%） strains of S. horninis, 54 （2.0%） strains of S. saprophyticus, 21（2.0%） strains of S. sirnulans, and 57 （5.5%） strains of other Staphylococci strains. The drug resistance rate of the S. epidermidis was 90. 7% to penicillins, 75. 4% to clindamycin, 73.7% to erythromycin, and 59.8% to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and the strains were highly sensitive to rifampin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, and amikacin. CONCLUSION The CNS has become the predominant pathogens causing nosocomial infections, it is necessary for the hospital to understand the distribution and drug resistance of the CNS and reasonably use antibiotics so as to control the nosoeomial infections.