N-杂环卡宾催化合成取代γ-丁内酯研究进展

Advance in Synthesis of Substituted γ-Butyrolactones Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes

取代γ-丁内酯是一类非常重要的精细化学品。N-杂环卡宾(NHC)催化α,β-不饱和醛发生共轭极性反转后,与芳香醛、三氟甲基酮、酮酸酯或邻二酮等发生环化反应可一步生成不同取代的γ-丁内酯化合物。该方法具有原子经济性高、路径简捷、反应条件温和等明显的优势。本文主要结合笔者课题组的研究方向,从不同催化剂前体和不同反应底物两方面进行分类,介绍近年来NHC催化合成取代γ-丁内酯的方法及其研究进展,归纳总结了不同催化体系的优缺点,并在此基础上展望了NHC催化合成取代γ-丁内酯反应的发展趋势和应用前景。

Substituted γ-butyrolactones are very important fine chemicals, α, β-Unsaturated aldehyde proceeding conjugate umploung catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbene （NHC） reacts with aromatic aldehyde, trifluoromethyl ketone, keto ester or adjacent diketone to straight afford substituted γ-butyrolactones. This method has obvious advantages of high atom economy, the shortest path and mild reaction conditions. According to different reaction substrates and catalyst precursors of carbenes, this paper mainly introduces the methods and advances of NHC-catalyzed cyclization reaction for one-step synthesis of substituted γ-butyrolactones. The advantages and disadvantages of various catalytic systems are summarized,and development trends and application prospects of NHC- catalyzed synthesis of substituted γ-butyrolactones are also discussed.