传动轴多工位锻造过程数值模拟及工艺优化

Numerical simulation and optimization for drive shaft multi-station forging process

传动轴属于车用关键零部件,其锻造质量直接影响到车辆的行驶安全。本文利用Deform-2D软件分别对汽车传动轴锻造的两种不同工艺方案进行数值模拟,对模拟得到的应力、应变、载荷和损伤值等参数进行分析与比较;通过优化目标使挤压过程中每个工位的模具承受载荷较小、且分布均匀。模拟分析和试验验证表明,采用试验工艺的第2种方案生产出的零件无裂纹缺陷,零件表面质量好,单个工位变形量小,这种工艺方法可适用于大批量生产。

Drive shafts are the key parts of cars,and the forging quality affects the vehicle safety directly.Two different forging processes were simulated by Deform-2D numerical simulation software,and the stress,strain,load,damage and other parameters acquired in simulation were analyzed.The optimization objective is to reduce and uniform the load of die in every station during the forging process,and to produce parts with excellent quality and no cracks at the same time.According to the analysis and verification of the finite element numerical simulation,the parts produced by the second scheme have no cracks and other defects,and have less deformation in single process.The second scheme is more suitable for mass production.