发酵工业噬菌体污染的来源、检测与防治

Bacteriophage in fermentation industry: sources, detection and control actions

噬菌体广泛存在于适合宿主菌生存的泥土、污水和空气中,发酵生产中使用的微生物几乎都有被噬菌体侵染的可能性。噬菌体污染给发酵工业带来了严重危害,特别是在乳制品、L-谷氨酸和2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸等产品的生产中,噬菌体污染仍是导致发酵异常的主要原因。因此,建立有效的噬菌体防治策略显得尤为重要。综述了噬菌体污染的来源及其快速检测方法,介绍了一些经济有效的噬菌体污染防治措施,并对噬菌体污染防治技术的发展前景进行了展望。

Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in soil, sewage and air. Almost all the industrial-scale fermentations that rely on the use of microoganisms have the possibility of being infected by these phages. In particular, phages are the primary cause of failure in the fermentation industry of dairy products, L-glutamic acid and 2-keto-D-glucose acid, etc. Although phage infection causes the most destructive damages in the fermentation industry, this problem has not yet been completely solved. Therefore, prevention and remedial actions are significant to prevent the phage infection. The present review provided a detailed research progress of sources of the phage contamination, recently-developed rapid detection methods of phages, economical and effective control actions of infection, and prospective of phage contamination and control technology.