所有权与经营权分离情况下的自由进入均衡

Separation of Ownership and Control,Free Entry and Its Welfare Implications

本文讨论所有权与经营权分离的企业(现代企业)的自由进入问题及其福利后果。研究证明,如果经理人工资成本构成固定进入成本的一部分,那么过度进入或者进入不足都有可能作为自由进入均衡结果出现。这是因为,虽然在不完全竞争市场中边际企业的进入使得在位企业(均衡)需求,或者(均衡)市场份额缩小,导致社会损失,但由于经理人工资成本只是一项转移支付,所以利润耗散行为的一个部分就是以一种有益于社会福利的方式进行的。结果,在对进入合意性的判断上,进入者可能比社会计划者更为乐观,也可能更为悲观。这意味着我们不能独立于企业的制度讨论自由进入的有效性问题。

This paper studies free entry by firms of which ownership and control are separated, and discusses its welfare implications. We use Cournot model to characterize competition in homogeneous goods market, while use spatial competition in circular city to characterize competition in differentiated goods market. We show that if managerial compensations will be included as part of the entry costs, then both excessive entry and insufficient entry may emerge in an equilibrium outcome.