清末山东广饶杜氏家族分家文书探析

Analysis to the Documents of Separation Du's Family In Guangrao, Shandong Province, in Late Qing Dynasty

分家文书表面上是记录一个家庭的分家行为,但其内容涉及到民俗、心理、社会经济、自然环境、人类行为。分家并不是简单的家庭分裂,而是通过分家使家庭运行机制更加合理。在中国传统农业社会中,它是符合农民利益和愿望的生存方式,是适应自然环境、经济环境的一种理性选择。分家文书中体现了人们亲情与欲望的博弈,是人性本质的体现。

The Documents of Separation is superficially a record of a family＇ s separation, but indeed, it also reflects the social customs, psychology, social economy, natural environment and human activities. The so-called separation of the family is by no means merely a division, but a measure to run the family more appropriately. In the traditional agriculture-oriented society, this document is a wise choice not only catering to the peasants, but also catering to the social environment and economy. The Documents of Separation is a reveal of human nature, which shows the conflicts between family relationship and personal desire.