新型促排剂WSC-DTPA纳米粒对内污染铀的促排和防护作用

Decorporation and radiation protection effects of WSC-DTPA nanopaticles on internal uranium exposure

研究水溶性低分子壳聚糖-二乙烯三氨五乙酸(WSC-DTPA)纳米粒对内污染铀的促排效果和防护作用。对大鼠采用腹腔注射硝酸铀酰(0.5 mgU·kg-1)染毒,即刻分别尾静脉注射92.7%WSC-DTPA纳米粒、1.59%WSC-DTPA纳米粒和WSC纳米粒和DTPA-CaNa3,给药剂量均为60mg·kg-1,ICP测量第1d、2d、3d的尿和粪中铀的排出量,以及给药3 d后肝、脾、肾和骨中铀蓄积量;相同方式的染毒(2.0 mgU·kg-1)和处理,测量给药5d后肝、脾、肾和骨中铀蓄积量,并通过肝、肾、脾的病理切片和骨髓细胞涂片,观察损伤程度。结果显示:92.7%WSC-DTPA纳米粒、1.59%WSC-DTPA纳米粒和DTPA-CaNa3有较好的促排效果,且1.59%WSC-DTPA纳米粒促排效果明显优于DTPA-CaNa3组,有显著性差异(p<0.05);0.5mgU·kg-1染毒给药组的组织蓄积量明显低于对照组;组织切片显示:92.7%WSC-DTPA纳米组对2.0mgU·kg-1染毒大鼠的肝、肾有保护作用。结果表明:92.7%WSC-DTPA纳米粒不仅有促排作用,而且对铀染毒的大鼠的肝、肾组织有辐射防护作用。

To investigate the decorporation and radiation protection effects of WSC-DTPA nanoparticles on internal uranium exposure, the methods as followed were used. After SD rats were exposed to 0.5 mgU·kg^-1 uranyl nitrate by intraperitoneal injection, 92.7% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles, 1.59% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles, WSC nanoparticles and DTPA-CaNa3 were administered at 60 mg·kg^-1 dose through tail vein immediately. The contents of uranium in urine and feces at 1st, 2nd and 3rdday were measured by ICP, as well as those in liver, spleen, kidney and bone after 3 days. Exposed to 2.0 mgU·kg^-1 uranyl nitrate for 5 days, the contents of uranium in liver, spleen, kidney and bone were determined, and the fimctions of liver, spleen, kidney and bone were evaluated with pathological section and bone marrow cell smear. As a result, we found that 92.7% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles, 1.59% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles and DTPA-CaNa3 have good decorporation effect, while 1.59% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles is significantly superior to DTPA-CaNa3 （p〈0.05）. At the group of 0.5 mgU·kg^-1, the uranium contents in liver, spleen, kidney and bone in treated groups are significantly lower than the control group. It is obvious that 92.7% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles have protective effects on liver and kidney by tissue pathological sections in the dose of 2.0 mgU·kg^-1. Therefore, it is suggested that 92.7% WSC-DTPA nanoparticles could have both good decorporation and radiation protective effects against the internal uranium exposure.