儿童应激事件、自我知觉与抑郁症状关系的追踪研究

Multi-wave Study on Relationship Between Stress, Self-perception,Depression Symptoms in Children

目的:通过对4-6年级学龄儿童应激事件、自我知觉和抑郁症状的调查,探寻儿童自我知觉在应激事件与抑郁症状关系中的作用。方法:初测采用儿童自我知觉量表、儿童抑郁调查量表和儿童应激事件量表对833名4-6年级学生进行调查,并间隔2个月对所有学生采用儿童抑郁调查量表和儿童应急事件量表追踪调查,共追踪调查3次。结果:儿童自我知觉的6个维度,学习能力、社交能力、运动能力、外表知觉、行为知觉以及总体一般知觉与儿童应激事件水平和抑郁症状均呈显著负相关关系,对儿童抑郁症状的多层线性模型预测分析发现,儿童自我知觉的6个维度与应激事件水平的交互作用对抑郁症状预测均不显著。结论:儿童自我知觉受其所经历应激事件的影响,同时自我知觉也会影响儿童抑郁症状程度,但儿童自我知觉不能显著调节应激事件与抑郁症状间的关系。

Objective： By investigating grade 4 to 6 students with Children＇s Hassles Scale（CHAS）, Children＇s Depres- sion Inventory （CDI）, Self-Perception Profile for Children （SPPC）, to explore the role of children＇s self-perception on the relationship of stress and depression. Methods： In the initial test, 833 students were investigated by CHAS, CDI, and CHAS, in the 3 times follow-up tests, CHAS and CDI were used to investigate all subjects. Results： The 6 aspects of chil- dren＇s self-perception： academic, social communication, sports, appearance, behaviors, and global perception had signifi- cantly negative relationship with stress and depression. The multilevel linear model analysis showed that the interaction of the 6 aspects of self-perception with stress couldn＇t significantly predict the change of children＇s depressive symptoms. Conclusion： Children＇s self-perception might been affected by the stress events; at the same time, it may affect depres- sion. However, the children＇s self-perception couldn＇t significantly moderate the relationship of stress and depression.