肠道微生态失衡与大肠癌发生相关性研究进展

Research advances in the association between gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer

大肠癌是由遗传因素和环境因素共同作用产生并伴随一系列基因突变的消化道恶性肿瘤。由于大肠癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势，因此对其病因学的研究成为目前的热点。其中，肠道内微生态的失衡致肠癌的作用已经受到研究者的重点关注。本文通过探讨肠道微生态在大肠癌形成过程中的动态变化，研究牛链球菌、梭形杆菌属、脆弱拟杆菌属、大肠埃希菌及幽门螺旋杆菌等多种菌群在大肠癌发展中可能的作用及其机制，为全面理解大肠癌发生发展中微生态的作用、寻找可能的特异性致癌菌群及大肠癌的诊断和治疗提供新的思路。

Colorectal cancer （CRC） is a malignant digestive tract tumor resulted from genetic and environmental factors and can be accompanied by a series of gene mutations. The etiology of CRC, particularly the role of gut microbiota imbalance, has became a hot research topic along with the increase of its prevalance. In this article, we elucidate the potential roles and mechanisms of streptococcus gallolyticus, fusobacterium, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and helicobacter pylori in the development of CRC, with an attempt to further understand the functions of microbiota, search for possible specific carcinogenic strains, and improve the management of CRC.