高校学生伤害事故适用公平责任原则的分析——从我国相关立法视角所作的思考

The Analysis of the Principle of Equitable Responsibility Applying to College Student Injury Accidents——Thinking from the Dimension of Relative Law Establishment

公平责任原则能否适用于高等学校学生伤害事故,一直是高等学校学生伤害事故归责原则研究和适用中争议的焦点之一。争议在理论研究、司法实践和地方立法中的对立,实际是民法学界公平责任原则存废争议的延伸,源自对《民法通则》实施以来我国立法、司法解释,特别是《侵权法》相关规定的不同解读。对此所作的分层分析表明,我国法律既没有肯定公平责任原则的法律定位,也不存在公平责任原则适用于高等学校学生伤害事故的规定。"公平责任原则"只能作为归结法律责任以外社会责任的一项损害分担规则。

Whether the principle of equitable responsibility can apply to college student injury accidents has been one of the focuses of controversies in liability attribution of college student injury accidents in research and in practice.The controversy in the theoretical research,judicial practice and local legislation,has been the extension of the controversy of abolition of civil law fair responsibility.It is derived from the different legislative and judicial interpretation of Tort Law since the establishment of General Principles of the Civil Law.This paper,by stratified analysis,shows that the PRC law neither affirms the legal position of the principle of equitable liability,nor stipulates provisions applied to college student injury accidents.＂The principle of equitable liability＂ can only be used as rules to allocate social responsibilities other than legal obligation.