基于MLE算法的海上角度交会测量方法及其精度分析

Marine Angle Intersection Method Based on MLE Algorithmand its Precision Analysis

针对我国现有测量船单站REA测量体制精度相对较低的问题,提出了基于光电经纬仪的海上角度交会测量方法。介绍了角度交会测量原理和设备布站原则,构建了AE-AE异面交会测量系统,设计了基于MLE(Maximum Likelihood Estimation)算法的海上角度交会测量算法和船摇修正方法,仿真分析了船体姿态测量误差、设备测角误差以及站址定位误差等的影响。仿真结果表明,站址测量误差是海上角度交会测量的最主要误差源,船体姿态测量误差和设备测角误差对海上角度交会测量精度有一定的影响,当船体水平姿态测量误差优于20″、航向测量误差优于30″、设备测角误差优于20″、站址测量误差优于1 m时,海上角度交会测量精度可达1 m。该法解决了动态条件下的飞行目标高精度测量技术难题,为后续工程设计奠定了基础。

In order to solve the problem that China′s space tracking ship′s REA measurement system has relatively low precision due to single station,a marine angle intersection measurement method based on photoelectric theodolite is proposed.Firstly,the basic principle of angle intersection and equipment arranging requirement are introduced.Secondly,an AE-AE non-coplane intersection measurement system is constructed.Thirdly,the marine angle intersection algorithm based on maximum likelihood estimation（MLE） method and ship attitude correction method are designed.Finally,the simulation is carried out.Simulation results indicate that the site positioning error is the main error source of marine angle intersection,and the ship attitude measurement error and the angle measurement error of theodolite also have a certain impact on the marine angle intersection.When the ship horizontal attitude measurement error is less than 20″,the course measurement error is less than 30″,the angel measurement error of theodolite is less than 20″,and the site positioning measurement error is less than 1 m,the accuracy of marine angle intersection can reach 1 m.This method can solve the problem of the high precision target measurement in dynamic conditions,and lay the foundation for the further engineering application.