微波消解-原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中重金属的研究

Determination of Heavy Metals in Soil by Microwave Digestion-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

[目的]研究微波消解-原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中重金属的样品前处理过程与方法。[方法]分别采用微波消解和湿法消化法样品前处理方法,结合原子吸收分光光度法,研究土壤中重金属元素含量测定方法,通过标准品的回收率确定样品前处理过程。[结果]当微波消解过程HNO3∶HCl∶HF的比例为8∶2∶2时,消解彻底,分析结果精密度高;微波消解法回收率为90%～108%,批间内相对标准偏差小于5%,在0.05水平显著高于湿法消解的回收率75%～82%。[结论]该法测定结果能够满足试验要求。

[ Objectivel The research aimed to study the sample pretreatment process and method about microwave digestion-atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of heavy metals in soil. [ Method ] The microwave digestion method and wet digestion method for sample preparation methods were adopted. Combined with atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of heavy metals in the soil, sample pretreatment process was determined by recovery rate. [ Result] The results showed that when HNO3 ：HCl：HF ratio in the microwave digestion process was 8：2：2, recovery rate was in the range of 90% - 108% , relative standard deviation was less than 5% , significantly higher than that of the wet digestion, [ Conclusion] The measuring accuracy could meet the test requirements.