土地利用方式对草地温室气体通量影响的研究进展

Research Progress of Effects of Land Use Way on Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Grassland Ecosystem

草地是我国陆地最大的生态系统,其CO2、CH4和N2O等温室气体通量在全球气候变化过程中起着重要作用。天然草地、恢复草地、放牧地、农垦地的转化及管理措施的不同,影响草地生态系统温室气体的排放。研究表明,开垦会使CO2通量增加;施肥使N2O排放通量增加;夏季休牧可以降低温室气体排放。对于放牧、耕作对温室气体通量的影响尚未得出一致的结论。研究结果的不一致,可能与各地自然条件、管理措施和研究方法的不同有关。今后,应在这些方面进行规范,使得结果具有科学性和可比性,最终为草地生态系统温室减排提供依据。

The grassland is the largest terrestrial ecosystem in China, CO2 , CH4 and N2O fluxes play an important role in the global climate change. The differences of grazing, cultivation and management practices will impact on the greenhouse gas emissions from grassland ecological system. The study suggests that cultivation would make the CO2 fluxes increased, the N20 emission fluxes increased with fertilization, no grazing in summer can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but grazing and management practices impact on greenhouse gas fluxes have not yet reached the same conclusion. The different results may be related to the local natural conditions, management practices and research methods, future research should be unity and standardization in these areas, making the results scientific and comparable, at last providing the basis for grassland ecosystem greenhouse emission reduction measures.