农民专业合作社规模的经济学分析

Economic Analysis on the Scale of Farmers' Specialized Cooperative

文章依据农民专业合作社的基本属性并借鉴劳动管理企业理论建立经济学模型,分别按对非社员和对社员服务推演出命题结论,通过中国合作社历史过程、部分地区数据和案例定性验证经济学模型及其命题结论。文章认为,规范的合作社具有成本效率,但与资本企业相比,其资本和人数存在规模限制,突破规模限制将导致解体或异化。文章分析了非规范合作社、异质型合作社和合作社联盟的发展状况,认为异质性合作社联盟是兼顾公平性和规模性的有效途径。

Based on the basic attributes of farmers’specialized cooperative and the theory of labor-managed firm, this paper constructs an economic model and deduces the conclusions according to the service to non-members and members,which are qualitatively verified by the historical process of China cooperatives,the data of part area and the case. This article shows that standardized cooperatives have cost efficiency,but there are size limitations of capital and membership number compared with capital-managed firm, its breakthrough scale limitations will lead to disintegration or alienation. This paper analyzes the current development of non-standardized cooperatives, heterogeneous cooperatives and cooperative alliance and thinks that the heterogeneity of Co-operative Alliance is an effective way of both fairness and scale.