论银行保证金专户的质押效力

On Pledge Effectiveness of Deposit Bank Account

《担保法》司法解释第85条通常被银行认为是要求作为保证人的融资性担保公司设立保证金专户并实现质押优先权的直接法律依据。尽管银行保证金专户是融资性担保公司与银行两者之间的一种合理的金融设计,但是,在司法实践中,法院对保证金专户能否成立质押有很大的分歧,《担保法》司法解释第85条也存在着不完善之处。因此,需要对《担保法》司法解释第85条进行修改,细化保证金专户特定化的法定要件,并参照应收账款质押登记设立保证金专户的公示方法,只有这样,才能规范银行设立与管理保证金专户的行为,从而使银行保证金专户具备质押效力。

Judicial Practice Article 85 of the judicial interpretation about Security Law of PRC usually is deemed as a direct le-gal basis to ask financing guarantee company as warrantor to set up deposit account and implement pledge priority. Although the establishment of deposit bank account is a kind of reasonable financial design between financing guarantee company and bank, in juridical practice there is great difference about whether or not pledge establishes, and legislation is not perfect referring to Article 85. Therefore, we should revise Article 85 to refine legal elements to definite specialization of deposit bank account, and set up publication method of deposit bank account referring to registration of account receivable pledge. Only by this way can we standardize behavior to build and manage deposit bank account to make the account obtain pledge effectiveness.