关于日语会话中听者的功能

On the Listener’s Function in Japanese Conversation

在会话过程中,听者是接受传达信息的一方,所以,很容易让人认为"听"这个动作是一种受动行为。但是,在实际的会话当中听者在听取对方讲话的时候,总是会从音声、词汇、语法等方面来理解发话者所讲述的话语,同时还会根据话语的前后关联或者结合会话的情境来积极地解释或对照知识和记忆来思考想象对方的已述话语,甚至还会推测发话者还未讲述的话语,或对发话者在话语中的省略进行信息补全。听者为会话的顺利进行起着积极的推动作用。

A listener is the party which receives the information in a conversation. It is easy to regard the action ＂listen＂ as passive behavior. However, when the listener in an actual conversation listens, he or she will always interpret the speaker＇s words from the perspective of sound, grammar and vocabulary. Meanwhile, he will interpret the speaker＇s words according to the relevance or context of a conversation or contrast the knowledge and memory to think and imagine the words spoken, even speculate the speaker＇s words unspoken, or complement the listener＇s omitted information in the conversation. Therefore, the listener plays an active role in the procession of a conversation.