贵州喀斯特山区生态环境脆弱性分析

THE ECO ENVIRONMENTAL FRAGILITY IN KARST MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF GUIZHOU PROVINCE

贵州是我国喀斯特地貌最发育的省份之一 ,属典型的生态环境脆弱区。本文在阐述贵州喀斯特山区生态环境脆弱性基本特征的基础上 ,着重分析了其成因机理 ,并简要地提出了相应的生态治理对策。

Karst landforms are wildly distributed in Guizhou province and 73 % of its total area is covered by carbonate rock where the eco environment is very fragile. This paper analysed the fundamental features of eco environmental fragility in Guizhou Karst mountain regions as follows :1)population capacity of Karst mountain regions is very low. The average capacity of population is about 167 persons/km 2 at present;2)Plant community structure is relatively simple and its biomass (aboveground) is usually less than 89.2t/hm 2; 3)Karst eco environment is very sensitive and is easily destoryed by all kinds of irrational human being's activities; 4)Capacity resisting natural disasters is very weak so that the frequencies of drought and flood on the Karst region are higher than that of non karst region. Based on these analysis, the authors emphatically explored. The causes and forming mechanism of karst eco environmental fragility from the following aspects such as weathering resistance of carbonate rock, the soil forming process of carbonate rock, surface structures of karst landforms, two different kinds of boundary face in karst soil profile, calciferous environment, overloaded pressure of population and backward farming methods. Finally, corresponding countermeasures for karst eco environment fragility were suggested.