上海宝山区民工子女乙肝流行状况调查研究

HBV prevalence in children of migrant workers in Baoshan District of Shanghai

目的了解上海郊区民工子女现阶段乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染现状,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法调查上海市宝山区9所民工子弟学校7～15岁非本地户籍民工子女7 239例和同年龄段城区本地户籍学生5 823例,检测外周血中乙肝标志物。调查乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率和乙肝感染率,并与该地区本地户籍同年龄例群及该年龄段全国流行病学调查数据比较。结果民工子女HBsAg阳性率为3.0%,本地户籍儿童HBsAg阳性率为0.6%,两组间差异存在统计学意义(P<0.001);民工子女中11～15岁组儿童HBsAg阳性率高于7～10岁组(2.0%vs 4.9%,P<0.001)。民工子女HBV感染率高于本地户籍儿童(6.1%vs 2.34%,P<0.001)。民工子女11～15岁组HBV感染率高于7～10岁组儿童(9.6%vs 3.8%,P<0.001);男生感染率高于女生(7.0%vs 5.0%,P=0.02)。民工子女乙肝疫苗接种率为75.86%,低于本地户籍儿童乙肝疫苗接种率(94.98%),两组具有统计学差异(P<0.001)。结论民工子女HBsAg阳性率显著高于上海本地户籍儿童,且高于2006年全国乙肝血清学流行病学调查结果中同年龄组例群HBsAg阳性率,乙肝疫苗接种率低是其主要原因,需进一步加强民工子女计划免疫接种的宣传和监督。

Objective To survey the prevalence rate of Hepatitis B（HBV） in children of migrant workers in Baoshan District of Shanghai.Methods The survey was conducted in 7239 children from 9 primary schools for migrant workers＇children in Baoshan District of Shanghai.Serum hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg） and hepatitis B Core antibody（HbcAb） were tested in all participants.The results were compared to those of 5 823 age-and residence-matched children of local registration,and those of same age group from national epidemiological survey data.Results HBsAg positive rate of migrant workers＇ children was significantly higher than that of the local registration children（3.0% vs 0.6%,P0.001）,and higher than the national hepatitis B serological epidemiological data in 2006.In children of migrant workers,the HBsAg positive rate and HBV infection rate of 11~15 years group were higher than those of 7~10 years group（4.9% vs 2.0%,P0.001;9.6% vs 3.8%,P0.001,respectively）.HBV infection rate of children of migrant workers was significantly higher than that of local registration children（6.1% vs 2.34%,P0.001）.The HBV infection rate of males was higher than that of females in children of migrant workers.The coverage rate of HBV vaccination of migrant workers＇ children was significantly lower than that of local registration children（75.86% vs 94.98%,P0.001）.Conclusion HBsAg positive rate of migrant workers＇ children is higher than that of the local registration children,which is associated with lower coverage rate of HBV vaccination in migrant workers＇ children.