延安地区不同黄土崩塌类型对崩塌贡献率的研究

Research on Contribution Rate of Loess Collapse Type in Yan′an Region

黄土崩塌是延安地区频发和广布的一种崩塌地质灾害类型,考虑赋存的自然与地质环境条件,以及人类工程活动的影响,将延安地区黄土崩塌分为水分浸湿型、盐蚀型、工程开挖型和窑洞型等4类,进而通过对延安地区地质灾害详细调查涉及的356处黄土崩塌的成果资料进行统计,采用贡献率法研究延安地区不同黄土崩塌类型与黄土崩塌的相关性。结果表明,工程开挖型和窑洞型对黄土崩塌的贡献率程度最高,盐蚀型对黄土崩塌的贡献率程度中等,水分浸湿型对黄土崩塌的贡献率程度最低。分析结果反映了延安地区黄土崩塌发育的实际情况,可供在黄土高原其他地区防灾减灾研究中参考应用。

Loess collapse is a type of collapse characterized by frequent occurrence and widely distribution in Yan′an region.The loess collapse type in Yan′an region includes water wetting,salt erosion,engineering excavation and loess cave dwelling based on geological environmental conditions and human engineering activities.Materials of 356 loess collapses were summarized by means of geology survey.Then the correlations between loess collapse types and loess collapse were studied by using of contribution rate method.The results show excavation engineering and loess cave dwelling have maximum contribution rate,salt erosion has moderate contribution rate and water wetting has minimal contribution rate.The conclusions verified the practical situation of loess collapse development in Yan′an region.It throws light on disaster prevention and mitigation in other regions.