地理信息系统方法在性病艾滋病监测中的应用

Geographic information system in the surveillance of sexually transmitted diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

地理信息系统具有地理空间分析、空间统计分析、多要素综合分析、精确定位和可视化等优势，已由最初应用于测绘学和环境科学，逐步应用到公共卫生领域。近年已成为性病艾滋病监测的一个重要工具，对确定性病艾滋病疫情空间分布模式、开展聚集性分析、发现疫情核心区、探讨危险因素、追踪传播来源具有独特作用。

Geographic information system （GIS） has advantages of geospatial analysis, spatial statistical analysis, data synthesis, precise positioning and visualization. It was originally applied in topography and environmental science, and has been introduced gradually to the field of public health. In recent years, GIS has become a powerful tool for the surveillance of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS）, and has shown unique superiority in identifying patterns of spatial distribution, clustering analysis, clarifying core areas and risk factors, and tracing infection sources of STDs and human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infection/AIDS.