高拱的南疆整顿及其功绩——以平息“安氏之乱”和遏制倭盗侵扰为研究中心

Political Consolidation and Merits of Gao Gong

明中后期,南方倭盗频繁侵扰、西南夷族屡次反叛,南疆局势岌岌可危。为扭转此种困局,高拱执政后,一方面大力进行边政体制改革,提高明军的防御作战能力;另一方面大力进行边政整顿,取得显著功绩:在西南平息贵州水西"安氏之乱",在南方剿倭除盗,镇压少数民族反叛。高拱的边政整顿不仅扭转了明朝被动挨打的局面,而且也为其后张居正的改革提供了良好的外部条件,开启了"隆万改革"之先河,使隆末万初呈现出中兴之势。明清至今,诸多政治家和史学家对其也给予了高度评价。

In the late Ming Dynasty, southern and Northern enemies frequent intrusion, East is West Yi repeatedly rebel, frontier situation be placed in jeopardy. Aiming at this situation, the arch in Longqing three years after taking power in December, on the one hand to reform the military system of Ming, to improve the defense capability; on the other hand, political consolidation, has made remarkable achievements： in the northwest to promote the＂ Altan tribute＂, ＂Liao left victory＂ in the northeast, in the southwest of calm ＂an Shi rebellion＂, in the south of defending Japanese invasion, suppression of ethnic rebel. His political consolidation not only changes the passive situation of being beaten, but also provides a good external conditions for the reform of the Zhang Juzheng, opened a ＂long million big reform＂ precedent, the long end at the beginning of showing a rejuvenation of wan. Therefore, since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many politicians and historians gave high evaluation.