高空透射式光学遥感器热控设计及试验验证

Thermal Control Design and Proof Test of Altitude Transmissive Optical Sensor

为确保工作在高空复杂环境下的光学遥感器获得高分辨率、高质量的目标图像,对透射式高空光学遥感器的热控制技术进行了研究。分析了光学遥感器的结构特点及航摄时的外界热环境,建立了光学遥感器的热交换模型,详细计算了传导换热、对流换热系数、气动热等热边界条件。针对该光学遥感器的热控指标,详细阐述了热设计方案。利用IDEAS-TMG软件进行了瞬态热仿真分析,并进行了热平衡试验和热光学试验。分析与试验结果表明,在模拟的高空低温低压环境下,2h内透镜组温度水平为20℃±1.5℃,轴向温差不大于3.1℃,径向温差不大于1.9℃,CCD组件温度范围为20℃～29.4℃,均满足热控指标要求;照相分辨率为51.5lp/mm,满足设计指标要求。分析与试验结果证实了设计方案的合理性与有效性。该研究方法和技术路线可为其他高空光学遥感器热控设计提供一定的参考。

In order to ensure the optical sensor working in altitude complex environment could gain the high resolution and high quality image, the thermal control design is presented. The design feature and thermal environment are analyzed, and the heat-transfer model is established. The coefficient of heat convection and aerodynamic heat are calculated in detail. According to the requirements of thermal control, the method of thermal control design is put forward. The transient thermal analysis is simulated with the IDEAS-TMG software, and the thermal balance tests and the thermal-optical tests are carried out to validate the design. The results of the simulation and tests show that the temperature level of lens component is 20 ℃± 1.5 ℃ in 2 h, the axial temperature difference of lens component is no more than 3.1 ℃, the radial temperature difference of lens component is no more than 1.9 ℃ , and the variation range of CCD component temperature is 20 ℃ ～29.4℃ , satisfying the requirements. The photographic resolution of optical sensor is 51.5 lp/mm, also satisfying the design requirement. The results show that the thermal control design is feasible and reasonable. The method of thermal control design and tests discussed inthis paper provides a certain reference to thermal design of other aerial remote sensor.