北京市常住居民健康知识水平综合评价指标研究

Study on evaluation index system of health knowledge among permanent residents in Beijing

目的探讨建立北京市常住居民健康知识水平综合评价指标。方法采取多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，以18～79岁的北京市常住人口为调查对象，采用自行编制的问卷进行问卷调查。问卷回收后按正确与否进行0、1赋分；使用SPSS15．0软件进行信度和效度评价，AMOS7．0进行验证性因子分析。结果获得16249份有效问卷，有效率为99．9％，其玛叶指数为12．4。指标的Cronbach’sα为0．795，分半信度为0．794，信度较好；模型拟合良好（Х^2=33370．992，P〈0．01，GFI=0．910，RMR=0．006，RMSEA=0．034．AGFI=0．903）；不同年龄、性别、文化程度和城乡是北京市常住居民健康知识知晓水平的影响因素，其分布趋势同相关报道。结论本次建立的健康知识水平评价指标具有较好的信度和效度，为客观科学评价北京市常住居民健康知识水平奠定基础，为制定健康教育与健康促进策略提供参考，同时为健康教育同行和全国健康知识水平评价提供借鉴。

Objective To establish an evaluation index system of health knowledge among permanent residents in Beijing. Methods By using multi-staged stratified cluster sampling method, questionnaire survey was conducted among permanent residents aged 18 to 79 years old. The answers were scored according to the error answer of 0, the correct answer of 1. The reliability and validity were assessed by SPSS 15.0. The confirmatory factor analysis was proceeded by AMOS 7.0. Results 16 249 valid questionnaires were collected, the valid rate was 99. 9%. The Myer＇ s index was 12.4. Cronbach＇ s α coefficient and split-half reliability were 0. 795 and 0. 794, respectively. Five factors of health knowledge were well fitted （Х^2 =33370.992, P〈0.01, GFI=0.910, RMR=0.006, RMSEA=O. 034, AGFI=0.903）. Age, gender, educational level, urban and rural are influencing factors of the level of health knowledge. The distribution trend of health knowledge level is same to relevant reports. Conclusion The comprehensive evaluation index system had a good reliability and validity, it should be the foundation for evaluating the level of health knowledge among residents in Beijing or nationwide, and the foundation of formulating the health education and health promotion strategies.